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Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has its own unique features in the treatment of post-stroke depression (PSD). The kidney is the congenital foundation and is closely related to the brain. Kidney deficiency runs through the entire course of stroke. Liver regulates the normal operation of qi in the human body, which is closely related to depression syndrome. Kidney deficiency and liver depression affect each other. The treatment of PSD with the Bushen Shugan (tonifying the kidney and soothing the liver) method has achieved good efficacy in clinic. The method of tonifying kidney and soothing liver can not only reflect the holistic view of TCM and the association of viscera, but also coordinate the relationship between body and spirit. In the future, the development direction of PSD in TCM research should be to further strengthen the concept of co-regulation of body and spirit and integration of brain and viscera.
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Objective To evaluate the policy of human organ transplantation in China, aiming to provide theoretical basis for further optimizing the policy of human organ transplantation. Methods Based on text mining and statistical analysis, seven normative policies of human organ transplantation formulated by national government from 2000 to 2022 were quantitatively evaluated by constructing policy modeling consistency (PMC) with 10 first-level variables and 35 second-level variables. Results Among the seven policies, six were graded as excellent policies and one as perfect policy, with an average PMC index of 8.476. Except X8 policy audience, the scores of other second-level variables of P5 were higher than or equal to the mean. The scores of all second-level variables of P1 were lower than or equal to the mean. P1 and P5 significantly differed in X3 policy timeliness, X4 policy norms and X6 policy tools. P5 was more specific and relatively comprehensive in these aspects, and its score was significantly higher than that of P1. Conclusions Human organ transplantation policies in China are generally excellent, scientific and rational. Health administrative departments at all levels should pay attention to the grasp of policy timeliness, the combination of policy tools, and fully mobilize the initiative and enthusiasm of all policy audience to participate in organ transplantation management when formulating organ transplantation policies.
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Meige syndrome is one of the rare Diseases of neurology. It is a part of the group of segmental cranial dystonia, which affects more than two cranial muscle groups. Especially, blepharospasm is associated with another cranial dystonia. Currently, the etiology and pathogenesis of this disorder are not well-understood. Based on the theory of collaterals and the relationship between collateral disease and five zang organs,we try to classify the disease into the category of collateral disease, and hold that the mechasnism of disease is not only linked to brain, but also the five zang organs. The disorder of qi and blood leads to the "deficiency of qi and blood", "phlegm-damp" and "stagnant blood" in collateral. These pathological changes cause the deficiency of both qi and blood in brain marrow and tendon.We think that "unblocking and regulating the collterals"is the general program. Adjusting the five zang organs to heel the brain is the key point of the treatment. What's more, we create Tongmai Heluo Decoction to regulate qi and blood of the collateral. This decoction is composed of Huangqi Jianzhong Decoction with some herbal medicine for tonifying qi and activating blood. By adjusting the middle energizer, the qi and the qi movement of five zang organs are well regulated. We use this decoction effectively on refractory Meige syndrome.
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Objective:To investigate the regulatory effects of sphingosine kinase-2 (SphK2) on the function of activated astrocytes and the progression of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice.Methods:Primary mouse astrocytes were isolated from wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice and sphk2 gene knock-out ( sphk2 -/-) mice and stimulated in vitro with interleukin 17 (IL-17). Real-time PCR was used to measure the expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines at mRNA levels. Western blot and immunofluorescence were used to detect the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (p-STAT3). An EAE mouse model was constructed using myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein 35-55 (MOG 35-55) polypeptide. Western blot was used to detect the expression of GFAP and p-STAT3 at protein level and real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines at mRNA level in spinal cords. Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) and Luxol fast blue (LFB) staining were used to observe the changes in inflammatory cell infiltration and demyelination in spinal cords. Results:Compared with the WT group, the phosphorylation of STAT3 was obviously reduced in in vitro activated mouse astrocytes of sphk2 -/- mice, and the expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines including monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), TNF-α and IL-6 at mRNA level was also significantly decreased. Compared with the WT EAE group, changes in the above-mentioned cytokines and relative proteins in sphk2 -/- EAE mice in vivo were similar to those in vitro. Moreover, inflammatory cell infiltration and demyelination were significantly reduced in spinal cords of sphk2 -/- EAE mice. However, no significant difference in in vitro or in vivo GFAP expression was observed between WT and sphk2 -/- mice. Conclusions:SphK2 might regulate the function of reactive astrocytes through STAT3 molecular pathway, thereby regulating the production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines and participating in the pathological process of EAE.
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Objective To investigate the effect of intravenous anesthesia with sufentanil combined with propofol on hemodynamics and oxygen metabolism in patients with esophageal cancer under high altitude.Methods 60 patients with esophageal cancer radical surgery was selected from March 2015 to March 2017 in our hospital and were divided into two groups according to the random number table,30 patients in each group.Patients in the control group were given with fentanyl and propofol intravenous anesthesia,and patients in the observation group were given sufentanil combined with propofol anesthesia.The occurrence of restlessness during the recovery of anesthesia in the two groups were observed,the spontaneous breathing recovery time,extubation time and postoperative Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) score were recorded,and the indexes of hemodynamics and oxygen metabolism were measured at the time of before induction of anesthesia (T0),tracheal intubation (T1),skin incision (T2),thoracotomy (T3),free esophagus (T4),esophageal catheter removal time (T5).Results The spontaneous respiration recovery time and extubation time of the observation group were significantly shorter than those of the control group (P ＜ 0.05).The degree of restlessness in the observation group was weaker than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Mean arterial pressure (MAP) in the control group at T2-T4 were significantly higher than those in T0 (P ＜ 0.05),but MAP and heart rate (HR) in the observation group at T1-T5 were significantly lower than those of T0 (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with T0 group,oxygen saturation (SpO2),oxygen saturation of mixed venose blood (SvO2) and oxygen delivery (DO2) at T1-T5 were significantly decreased (P ＜ 0.05),oxygen consumption (VO2) at T2-T4 was significantly increased (P ＜ 0.05),especially in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).The MMSE scores of the two groups were significantly lower than those before the operation (P ＜ 0.05),and the scores in observation group was significantly higher than the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The intravenous anesthesia with sufentanil combined with propofol is more helpful in maintaining hemodynamic stability and oxygen metabolism balance than intravenous anesthesia with fentanyl combined with propofol and has little effect on postoperative anesthesia recovery and cognitive function.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To screen for KIT gene mutations in two Han Chinese pedigrees affected with Piebaldism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical data of the pedigrees was collected. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples collected from the pedigrees and 120 unrelated healthy controls. All coding exons of the KIT gene were subjected to PCR amplification and direct sequencing.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Two missense mutations, c.1861G>A(p.Ala621Thr) and c.1872G>A(p.Met624Ile), were identified respectively in the two pedigrees. Neither mutation was found among healthy members from the respective pedigree and the 120 unrelated healthy controls. c.1872G>A is a novel mutation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Mutations of the KIT gene may affect the structure and function of the transmembrane receptor KIT, which lead to the disease.</p>
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect mutations of the NF1 gene in two sporadic cases with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and explore their molecular mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical data of the two patients was collected. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples. Specific primers were designed to exclude pseudogenes. PCR was performed to amplify all coding exons of the NF1 gene. PCR products were directly sequenced.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Two novel mutations of the NF1 gene (c.1019-1020delCT in exon 9 and c.7189G to A in exon 48) were respectively identified in the two patients but not among their unaffected parents or 100 healthy controls.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Mutations of the NF1 gene may have predisposed to the NF1 in the two patients.</p>
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Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T cell) therapy is a novel adoptive immunotherapy where T lymphocytes are engineered with synthetic receptors known as chimeric antigen receptors (CAR). The CAR-T cell is an effector T cell that recognizes and eliminates specific cancer cells, independent of major histocompatibility complex molecules. The whole procedure of CAR-T cell production is not well understood. The CAR-T cell has been used predominantly in the treatment of hematological malignancies, including acute lymphoblastic leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. Solid tumors including melanoma, breast cancer and sarcoma offer great promise in CAR-T cell research and development. CD19 CAR-T cell is most commonly used, and other targets, including CD20, CD30, CD38 and CD138 are being studied. Although this novel therapy is promising, there are several disadvantages. In this review we discuss the applications of CAR-T cells in different hematological malignancies, and pave a way for future improvement on the effectiveness and persistence of these adoptive cell therapies.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the clinical and genetic features of 9 ethnic Han Chinese patients with disseminated superfacial actinic porokeratosis (DSAP).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples collected from the patients. PCR and direct sequencing were carried out for five patients from a family, 4 sporadic cases, and 120 healthy controls to identify potential mutations of four genes (MVK, MVD, PMVK, FDPS) involved in the mevalonate pathway as well as SLC17A9, SSH1, and SART3 genes. Pathogenecity of suspected mutations were assessed with SIFT, and Polyphen-2 scores.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A c.746T>C mutation was identified in the family and two sporadic cases, while a c.875A>G mutation was identified in another sporadic case. No mutation was identified in the remainder genes among all patients. Scoring has suggested that the c.746T>C and c.875A>G mutations of the MVD gene are probably pathogenic.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>c.746 T>C and c.875A>G of the MVD gene are most common mutations. Skin rashes of the patients have a strong connection with the sunlight, albeit a significant difference among patients was discovered.</p>